List of Internet top-level domains edit
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List of Internet top-level domains - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of Internet top-level domains

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The following is a list of Internet top-level domains. The top-level domain article provides the background information.

The official list of all top-level domains is maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).1


Contents

Generic top-level domains

Table legend

Name Entity Notes IDN DNSSEC
.aero air-transport industry Must verify eligibility for registration; only those in various categories of air-travel-related entities may register. No No
.asia Asia-Pacific region This is a TLD for companies, organizations, and individuals based in the region of Asia, Australia, and the Pacific. No No
.biz business This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register; however, registrations may be challenged later if they are not by commercial entities in accordance with the domain's charter. No Yes
.cat Catalan This is a TLD for Web sites in the Catalan language or related to Catalan culture. Yes Yes
.com commercial This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Yes No
.coop cooperatives The .coop TLD is limited to cooperatives as defined by the Rochdale Principles. No No
.edu educational The .edu TLD is limited to accredited postsecondary institutions (nearly all 2 and 4-year colleges and universities in the U.S. and increasingly overseas, e.g., Australia and China). No Yes
.gov governmental The .gov TLD is limited to governmental entities and agencies in the United States. No Partial2
.info information This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Yes No
.int international organizations The .int TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, and programs which are endorsed by a treaty between two or more nations. No No
.jobs companies The .jobs TLD is designed to be added after the names of established companies with jobs to advertise. At this time, owners of a "company.jobs" domain are not permitted to post jobs of third party employers. No No
.mil U.S. military The .mil TLD is limited to use by the U.S. military. No No
.mobi mobile devices Must be used for mobile-compatible sites in accordance with standards. No No
.museum museums Must be verified as a legitimate museum. Yes Yes
.name individuals, by name This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register; however, registrations may be challenged later if they are not by individuals (or the owners of fictional characters) in accordance with the domain's charter. No No
.net network This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. No No
.org organization This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Yes Yes
.pro professions Currently, .pro is reserved for licensed or certified lawyers, accountants, physicians and engineers in France, Canada, UK and the U.S. A professional seeking to register a .pro domain must provide their registrar with the appropriate credentials. No No
.tel Internet communication services A contact directory housing all types of contact information directly in the Domain Name System. Yes3 No
.travel travel and tourism industry related sites Must be verified as a legitimate travel-related entity. No No

Country code top-level domains

Table legend

Name Entity Explanation Notes IDN DNSSEC
.ac  Ascension Island     Yes No
.ad  Andorra       No
.ae  United Arab Emirates       No
.af  Afghanistan       No
.ag  Antigua and Barbuda       No
.ai  Anguilla       No
.al  Albania       No
.am  Armenia       No
.an  Netherlands Antilles   Local presence required   No
.ao  Angola       No
.aq  Antarctica Antarctique Defined by the Antarctic Treaty as everything south of latitude 60°S.   No
.ar  Argentina       No
.as  American Samoa       No
.at  Austria       No
.au  Australia   Includes Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Coral Sea Islands.   No
.aw  Aruba       No
.ax  Åland       No
.az  Azerbaijan       No
.ba  Bosnia and Herzegovina       No
.bb  Barbados       No
.bd  Bangladesh       No
.be  Belgium       Yes
.bf  Burkina Faso       No
.bg  Bulgaria     Yesa 1 Yes
.bh  Bahrain       No
.bi  Burundi       No
.bj  Benin       No
.bm  Bermuda       No
.bn  Brunei Darussalam       No
.bo  Bolivia       No
.br  Brazil     Yes4 Yes
.bs  Bahamas       No
.bt  Bhutan       No
.bv  Bouvet Island   Not in use (Norwegian dependency; see .no). No No
.bw  Botswana       No
.by  Belarus       No
.bz  Belize       No
.ca  Canada   Subject to Canadian Presence Requirements.   No
.cc  Cocos (Keeling) Islands   (Australian territory: do not confuse with Cocos islands in Guam. Also used as a free domain service to the public as co.cc or cz.cc domain.)   No
.cd  Democratic Republic of the Congo       No
.cf  Central African Republic       No
.cg  Republic of the Congo       No
.ch  Switzerland Confoederatio Helvetica (Latin), Confédération helvétique (French)     Yes
.ci  Côte d'Ivoire       No
.ck  Cook Islands       No
.cl  Chile   Domain registrations require local presence in Chile.   No
.cm  Cameroon   A local entity/company in Cameroon is required to register a domain name.   No
.cn  People's Republic of China   Registration allowed worldwide. Hong Kong and Macau also maintain TLDs.   No
.co  Colombia       No
.cr  Costa Rica       No
.cu  Cuba       No
.cv  Cape Verde       No
.cx  Christmas Island       No
.cy  Cyprus       No
.cz  Czech Republic       Yes
.de  Germany Deutschland     No
.dj  Djibouti       No
.dk  Denmark     Yesa 2 Yes
.dm  Dominica       No
.do  Dominican Republic       No
.dz  Algeria Dzayer     No
.ec  Ecuador       No
.ee  Estonia Eesti This is an open TLD; any person or entity who lives in Estonia is permitted to register.   No
.eg  Egypt       No
.er  Eritrea       No
.es  Spain España     No
.et  Ethiopia       No
.eu  European Union   Restricted to institutions (under the .europa.eu subdomain), companies, and individuals in the European Union (or in other overseas or autonomous regions of member countries).   Partial2
.fi  Finland   Limited to companies and organizations registered in Finland and Finnish nationals.   Yes
.fj  Fiji       No
.fk  Falkland Islands       No
.fm  Federated States of Micronesia     No
.fo  Faroe Islands       No
.fr  France   Can only be used by organisations or persons with a presence in France   No
.ga  Gabon       No
.gb  United Kingdom Great Britain Seldom used; the primary ccTLD used is .uk for United Kingdom.   No
.gd  Grenada       No
.ge  Georgia       No
.gf  French Guiana     No
.gg  Guernsey       No
.gh  Ghana       No
.gi  Gibraltar       No
.gl  Greenland       No
.gm  The Gambia       No
.gn  Guinea       No
.gp  Guadeloupe   Still used for Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin   No
.gq  Equatorial Guinea Guinée Équatoriale     No
.gr  Greece       No
.gs  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands       No
.gt  Guatemala       No
.gu  Guam       No
.gw  Guinea-Bissau       No
.gy  Guyana       No
.hk  Hong Kong   Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China.   No
.hm  Heard Island and McDonald Islands       No
.hn  Honduras       No
.hr  Croatia Hrvatska     No
.ht  Haiti       No
.hu  Hungary       No
.id  Indonesia       No
.ie  Republic of Ireland Éire Only available for Ireland registered brands and companies. Foreign companies can register if doing business in Ireland or provide TM.clarification needed Since 2007 personal names are allowed to be registered subject to guidelines.   No
.il  Israel       No
.im  Isle of Man       No
.in  India   Under INRegistry since April 2005 (except: gov.in, mil.in, ac.in, edu.in, res.in).   No
.io  British Indian Ocean Territory       No
.iq  Iraq       No
.ir  Iran       No
.is  Iceland Ísland     No
.it  Italy   Restricted to companies and individuals in the European Union.   No
.je  Jersey       No
.jm  Jamaica       No
.jo  Jordan       No
.jp  Japan       No
.ke  Kenya       No
.kg  Kyrgyzstan       Partial2
.kh  Cambodia Khmer, former Kâmpŭchea     No
.ki  Kiribati       No
.km  Comoros       No
.kn  Saint Kitts and Nevis       No
.kp  Democratic People's Republic of Korea       No
.kr  Republic of Korea       No
.kw  Kuwait       No
.ky  Cayman Islands       No
.kz  Kazakhstan       No
.la  Laos   (Currently being marketed as the unofficial domain for Los Angelescitation needed)   No
.lb  Lebanon   Restricted to registration with a company in Lebanon   No
.lc  Saint Lucia       No
.li  Liechtenstein       Partial2
.lk  Sri Lanka       Yes
.lr  Liberia       No
.ls  Lesotho       No
.lt  Lithuania       No
.lu  Luxembourg       No
.lv  Latvia       No
.ly  Libya       No
.ma  Morocco Maroc     No
.mc  Monaco       No
.md  Moldova       No
.me  Montenegro       No
.mg  Madagascar       No
.mh  Marshall Islands       No
.mk  Republic of Macedonia Makedonija     No
.ml  Mali       No
.mm  Myanmar       No
.mn  Mongolia   Some second-level domains are reserved for special use .mnclarification needed   No
.mo  Macau   Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China.   No
.mp  Northern Mariana Islands       No
.mq  Martinique     No
.mr  Mauritania       No
.ms  Montserrat       No
.mt  Malta       No
.mu  Mauritius       No
.mv  Maldives       No
.mw  Malawi       No
.mx  Mexico       No
.my  Malaysia   Restricted to registration by a company in Malaysia   No
.mz  Mozambique       No
.na  Namibia       Yes
.nc  New Caledonia        
.ne  Niger        
.nf  Norfolk Island        
.ng  Nigeria        
.ni  Nicaragua        
.nl  Netherlands   First official country TLD that was assigned to a country. No Partial2
.no  Norway   Restricted to registration by a company in Norway    
.np  Nepal        
.nr  Nauru        
.nu  Niue   Commonly used by Danish, Dutch and Swedish websites, because in those languages "nu" means "now".   Partial2
.nz  New Zealand     Yesa 3  
.om  Oman        
.pa  Panama        
.pe  Peru     Yesa 4  
.pf  French Polynesia Polynésie française With Clipperton Island    
.pg  Papua New Guinea        
.ph  Philippines        
.pk  Pakistan   Operated by PKNIC since 1992.    
.pl  Poland     Yesa 5  
.pm  Saint-Pierre and Miquelon       Yes
.pn  Pitcairn Islands        
.pr  Puerto Rico       Partial2
.ps  Palestinian territories   West Bank and Gaza Strip.    
.pt  Portugal     Yesa 6 Partial2
.pw  Palau        
.py  Paraguay        
.qa  Qatar        
.re  Réunion   restricted to Réunion's habitants owning a brand and to companies having an address in Réunion    
.ro  Romania        
.rs  Serbia Republika Srbija      
.ru  Russia   (See also .su, still in use.)    
.rw  Rwanda        
.sa  Saudi Arabia        
.sb  Solomon Islands        
.sc  Seychelles        
.sd  Sudan        
.se  Sweden     Yesa 7 Yes
.sg  Singapore        
.sh  Saint Helena     Yesa 8  
.si  Slovenia        
.sj  Svalbard and  Jan Mayen Islands   Not in use (Norwegian dependencies; see .no). No No
.sk  Slovakia        
.sl  Sierra Leone        
.sm  San Marino        
.sn  Senegal        
.so  Somalia    No administrative body, reserved until a government is in place No No
.sr  Suriname        
.st  São Tomé and Príncipe        
.su former  Soviet Union   Still in use. Yesa 9  
.sv  El Salvador        
.sy  Syria        
.sz  Swaziland        
.tc  Turks and Caicos Islands        
.td  Chad Tchad      
.tf  French Southern and Antarctic Lands   Seldom used.    
.tg  Togo        
.th  Thailand       Partial2
.tj  Tajikistan        
.tk  Tokelau   Also used as a free domain service to the public.    
.tl  East Timor Timor-Leste Old code .tp is still in use.    
.tm  Turkmenistan     Yesa 10 Yes
.tn  Tunisia        
.to  Tonga   Often used unofficially for Toronto or Tokyo    
.tp  East Timor   ISO code has changed to TL; .tl is now assigned but .tp is still in use.    
.tr  Turkey     Yesa 11  
.tt  Trinidad and Tobago        
.tv  Tuvalu   Used as an abbreviation of television, the domain is currently operated by dotTV, a VeriSign company; the Tuvalu government owns twenty percent of the company.    
.tw  Republic of China (Taiwan)   Registration allowed worldwide, local presence not required. Yesa 12  
.tz  Tanzania        
.ua  Ukraine        
.ug  Uganda        
.uk  United Kingdom   ISO 3166-1 code is gb, but .uk is used for historical reasons   Yes
.us  United States of America   (Commonly used by U.S. State and local governments instead of .gov TLD.)   Yes
.uy  Uruguay        
.uz  Uzbekistan        
.va  Vatican City        
.vc  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines        
.ve  Venezuela        
.vg  British Virgin Islands        
.vi  U.S. Virgin Islands        
.vn  Vietnam     Yesa 13  
.vu  Vanuatu        
.wf  Wallis and Futuna        
.ws  Samoa Formerly Western Samoa      
.ye  Yemen        
.yt  Mayotte        
.za  South Africa Zuid-Afrika      
.zm  Zambia        
.zw  Zimbabwe        

Notes

  1. ^ in addition to ASCII, only Cyrillic letters from the Bulgarian language are accepted
  2. ^ (January 1, 2004), (æ, ø, å, ö, ä, ü, & é): see details
  3. ^ (July 26, 2010) for Māori macrons ā, ē, ī, ō and ū. see New Zealand
  4. ^ (December 8, 2007): see Peru
  5. ^ (September 11, 2003): [1]
  6. ^ (July 1, 2005) for Portuguese characters
  7. ^ (October 2003), for Swedish characters, summer 2007 also for Finnish, Meänkieli, Romani, Sami, and Yiddish: see details
  8. ^ [2]
  9. ^ (April 28, 2008) see [3]
  10. ^ [4]
  11. ^ (November 14, 2006): see [5]
  12. ^ Traditional Chinese characters: see [6]
  13. ^ [7]

Internationalized country code top-level domains

DNS name IDN ccTLD Country Transliteration Other ccTLD DNSSEC
xn--fiqs8s .中国  China zhōngguó .cn No
xn--fiqz9s .中國  China zhōngguó .cn No
xn--wgbh1c مصر.  Egypt masr 5 .eg No
xn--j6w193g .香港  Hong Kong hoeng1 gong2 .hk No
xn--mgbayh7gpa    Jordan   .jo No
xn--ygbi2ammx    Palestinian Territory, Occupied   .ps No
xn--p1ai .рф  Russia RF (Russian Federation) .ru No
xn--mgberp4a5d4ar السعودية.  Saudi Arabia as-sa'ūdiyyah .sa No
xn--fzc2c9e2c    Sri Lanka   .lk No
xn--xkc2al3hye2a    Sri Lanka   .lk No
xn--kprw13d .台湾  Taiwan táiwān .tw No
xn--kpry57d .台灣  Taiwan táiwān .tw No
xn--o3cw4h .ไทย  Thailand   .th No
xn--pgbs0dh    Tunisia   .tn No
xn--mgbaam7a8h امارات.  United Arab Emirates emarat .ae No

Test TLDs

ICANN created a set of top-level Internationalized domain names in October 2007 for the purpose of testing the use of IDNA in the root zone and within those domains. They are expected to be available for a limited evaluation period.67. Each of these TLDs encodes a word meaning "test" in the respective language.78

Each of these domains contains only one site with the word example encoded in the respective script and language. These example.test sites are test wikis used by ICANN.

DNS name TLD Transliteration Language Script ICANN’s example.test
xn--kgbechtv إختبار ạ̹kẖtbạr Arabic Perso-Arabic script (see also Arabic alphabet) http://مثال.إختبار/
xn--hgbk6aj7f53bba آزمایشی ậzmạy̰sẖy Persian Perso-Arabic script http://مثال.آزمایشی/
xn--0zwm56d 测试 cèshì Chinese Simplified Chinese characters http://例子.测试/
xn--g6w251d 測試 cèshì Chinese Traditional Chinese characters http://例子.測試/
xn--80akhbyknj4f испытание ispytánije Russian Cyrillic alphabet http://пример.испытание/
xn--11b5bs3a9aj6g परीक्षा parīkṣā Hindi Devanagari http://उदाहरण.परीक्षा/
xn--jxalpdlp δοκιμή dokimé Greek Greek alphabet http://παράδειγμα.δοκιμή/
xn--9t4b11yi5a 테스트 teseuteu Korean Hangul http://실례.테스트/
xn--deba0ad טעסט test Yiddish Hebrew alphabet http://בײַשפּיל.טעסט/
xn--zckzah テスト tesuto Japanese Kanji, Hiragana, Katakana scripts http://例え.テスト/
xn--hlcj6aya9esc7a பரிட்சை pariṭcai Tamil Tamil script http://உதாரணம்.பரிட்சை/

Infrastructure top-level domain

Infrastructure Entity Notes DNSSEC
.arpa Address and Routing Parameter Area This is an Internet infrastructure TLD. Partial2

See also

References

  1. ^ IANA maintained list of top-level domains
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Delegation Signer (DS) record in a root zone is not yet published.
  3. ^ Telnic. "IDN.tel". http://www.telnic.org/idn.html. Retrieved 2010-09-02. 
  4. ^ (May 9, 2005) for Portuguese (Brazilian) names: see details
  5. ^ http://www.dotmasr.eg/
  6. ^ IANA Report on Delegation of Eleven Evaluative Internationalised Top-Level Domains
  7. ^ a b IDNwiki, IDN TLD evaluation gateway
  8. ^ My Name, My Language, My Internet: IDN Test Goes Live, 15 October 2007

External links